Medical Health Care Advices

The complement system for antibody action. Complement is a system of nine different enzyme precursors (designated Cl to C9) which is normally found in plasma and other body fluids, but are also normally inactive enzymes. However, when an antibody combines with an antigen, antigen becomes the complement system activator. Just a few combination to activate antigen large number of enzyme precursor molecules in the first stage of the complement system, activated enzymes thus formed then many more enzymes in the later stages of the system. The activated enzymes then attack the invaders in various ways, initiate local tissue reactions, and provide protection against injury by the invader. Among the most important effects that occur are the following:

1. Lysis. Proteolytic enzymes digest the complement system portions of the cell membrane, thus disrupting cellular agents such as bacteria or other invading cells.

2. Opsonization and phagocytosis. Complement enzymes attack the surfaces of bacteria and other antigens, making them very susceptible to phagocytosis by neutrophils and tissue macrophages. This process is called opsonization. Often the number of bacteria can be destroyed in you into the hundreds.

3 Chemotaxis. One or more of the complement products cause chemotaxis of neutrophils and macrophages, there by increasing considerably the number of these phagocytes in the local region of the antigenic agent.

4. Agglutination. Complement enzymes also change the surfaces of some of the antigenic agents, so they are joined causing clumping.

5. Virus neutralization. Probably complement enzymes attack the molecular structure of viruses and suppress their virulence.

6. Inflamatorlos effects. The supplement produces a local inflammatory reaction, because of congestion, coagulation of protein in tissues and other aspects of the inflammatory process, which prevents the movement of invading agent through the tissues.

Random Posts

• What is Hepatitis C?
  What is hepatitis C? Hepatitis C is a liver disease that makes the liver swell and stop functioning properly. You need a healthy liver because the liver has many functions to keep you alive. The...
• Preeclampsia
  Hypertension is the most common medical complication of pregnancy, some authors is the second medical complication of pregnancy only after the anemia is most common in young people during the first p...
• The top 10 of the world’s strangest allergies
  In recent years the incidence of allergies has grown exponentially and continues to grow. The appearance of intolerance to certain elements is becoming more frequent and even a few years ago was det...
• The field of skin problems of men and women
  Quite the contrary to popular belief, it has been verified in the field of skin problems of men and women that acne is a condition not proper and exclusive to the young, but significantly affects peop...
• Parkinson’s linked to the failure of the energy system cells
  An international team of researchers have identified 10 genes associated with Parkinson's disease who are involved in the functioning of mitochondria. These are organelles present in virtually all bod...
• Diabetes and Blood Pressure
  Diabetes increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (affecting the heart and blood vessels). Therefore, your doctor may have made the following recommendations: * Monitor cholesterol levels and tre...